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Gilberto Gerra, Amir Zaimovic
Centro Studi Farmacotossicodipendenze, Dipartimento Dipendenze Patologiche, AUSL di Parma.

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• Colado M.I., Murray T.K. Green A.R. 5-MT loss in rat brain following methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), p-chloroamphetamine and fenfluramine administration and effects of chlormethiazole and dizoclipine. Br J Pharmacol., 108, (1993), 583-589.
• Colado MI, O'Shea E, Granados R, Esteban B, Martin AB, Green AR. Studies on the role of dopamine in the degeneration of 5-HT nerve endings in the brain of Dark Agouti rats following 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or 'ecstasy') administration. Br J Pharmacol 1999 Feb;126(4):911-24
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• Dougherty DD, Bonab AA, Spencer TJ, Rauch SL, Madras BK, Fischman AJ. Dopamine transporter density in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Lancet 1999 Dec 18-25;354(9196):2132-3
• Fischer CA, Hatzidimitriou G, Katz JL, Ricaurte GA (1995): Reorganization of ascending serotonin axon projections in animals previously exposed to the recreational drug 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. J Neurosci 15: 5476-85.
• Fischer HS, Zernig G, Schatz DS, Humpel C, Saria A. MDMA ('ecstasy') enhances basal acetylcholine release in brain slices of the rat striatum. Eur J Neurosci 2000 Apr;12(4):1385-90
• Gamma A, Buck A, Berthold T, Hell D, Vollenweider FX. 3,4 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) modulates cortical and limbic brain activity as measured by [H(2)(15)O]-PET in healthy humans. Neuropsychopharmacology 2000 Oct;23(4):388-95
• Gerra G, Zaimovic A, Franchini D, Palladino M, Giucastro G, Reali N, Maestri D, Caccavari R, Delsignore R, Brambilla F. Neuroendocrine responses of healthy volunteers to 'techno-music': relationships with personality traits and emotional state. Int J Psychophysiol 1998b Jan;28(1):99-111
• Gerra G, Zaimovic A, Giucastro G, Maestri D, Monica C, Sartori R, Caccavari R, Delsignore R. Serotonergic function after (+/-)3,4-methylene dioxymethamphetamine ('Ecstasy') in humans. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1998a Jan;13(1):1-9
• Gerra G, Zaimovic A, Rizzi O, Timpano M, Zambelli U, Ventimiglia C: Substance abuse among high-school students: relationship with social coping and temperament. Bulletin of Narcotics UNDCP, vol LI Nos 1-2 pp. 75-96, 1999.
• Gerra G, Zaimovic A, Zambelli U, Timpano M, Neri E, Marzocchi GF, Delsignore R, Brambilla F: Long-lasting effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) on serotonin system function in humans. Biol Psychiatry 47: 127-136, 2000.
• Gerra G., Zaimovic A., Giusti F., Delsignore R., Raggi MA, Laviola G., Macchia T., Brambilla F. Experimentally-induced aggressive behavior in subjects with 3,4 methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (mdma; "ecstasy") use history: psychobiological correlates. In press Drug and Alcohol Dependence.
• Gerra G., Zaimovic A., Giusti F., Gardini S., Delsignore R., Brambilla F. Effects of (+/-) 3,4 methylene-dioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) on dopamine system function in humans. In press.
• Greer G. Tolbert R., Subjective reports of the effects of MDMA in a clinical setting. J. Psychoactive Drugs 18, (1986), 319-327.
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• Insel TR, Battaglia G, Johannessen JN, Marra S, De Souza EB (1989): 3,4 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("ecstasy") selectively destroys brain serotonin terminals in rhesus monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 249: 713-20.
• Iravani MM, Asari D, Patel J, Wieczorek WJ, Kruk ZL. Direct effects of 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on serotonin or dopamine release and uptake in the caudate putamen, nucleus accumbens, substantia nigra pars reticulata, and the dorsal raphe nucleus slices. Synapse 2000 Jun 15;36(4):275-85
• Johnson M, Bush LG, Hanson GR, Gibb JW. Effects of ritanserin on the 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced decrease in striatal serotonin concentration and on the increase in striatal neurotensin and dynorphin A concentrations. Biochem Pharmacol 1993 Aug 17;46(4):770-2
• Kalivas PW, Duffy P, White SR. MDMA elicits behavioral and neurochemical sensitization in rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 1998 Jun;18(6):469-79 Kish SJ, Furukawa Y, Ang L, Vorce SP, Kalasinsky KS. Striatal serotonin is depleted in brain of a human MDMA (Ecstasy) user. Neurology 2000 Jul 25;55(2):294-6
• Koch S, Galloway MP. MDMA induced dopamine release in vivo: role of endogenous serotonin. J Neural Transm 1997;104(2-3):135-46
• Krystal JH, Price LH, Opsahl C, Ricaurte GA, Heninger GR, Chronic 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use: effects on mood and neuropsychological function? American Journal of Drug Alcohol Abuse, 18, (1992) 331-341.
• Laasonen-Balk T, Kuikka J, Viinamaki H, Husso-Saastamoinen M, Lehtonen J, Tiihonen J. Striatal dopamine transporter density in major depression. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1999 Jun;144(3):282-5
• Laviola G, Adriani W, Terranova ML, Gerra G. Psychobiological risk factors for vulnerability to psychostimulants in human adolescents and animal models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 1999 Nov;23(7):993-1010
• Liechti ME, Geyer MA, Hell D, Vollenweider FX. Effects of MDMA (ecstasy) on prepulse inhibition and habituation of startle in humans after pretreatment with citalopram, haloperidol, or ketanserin. Neuropsychopharmacology 2001 Mar;24(3):240-52
• Liechti ME, Vollenweider FX. The serotonin uptake inhibitor citalopram reduces acute cardiovascular and vegetative effects of 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine ('Ecstasy') in healthy volunteers. J Psychopharmacol 2000;14(3):269-74
• Mann H, Ladenheim B, Hirata H, Moran TH, Cadet JL. Differential toxic effects of methamphetamine (METH) and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in multidrug-resistant (mdr1a) knockout mice. Brain Res 1997 Sep 26;769(2):340-6
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• McCann UD, Eligulashvili V, Mertl M, Murphy DL, Ricaurte GA. Altered neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to m-chlorophenylpiperazine in 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) users. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1999 Nov;147(1):56-65
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• McCann UD, Szabo Z, Scheffel U, Dannals RF, Ricaurte GA (1998): Positron emission tomographic evidence of toxic effect of MDMA ("Ecstasy") on brain serotonin neurons in human beings. Lancet 352 (9138): 1433-1437.
• Metzger RR, Hanson GR, Gibb JW, Fleckenstein AE. 3-4 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced acute changes in dopamine transporter function. Eur J Pharmacol 1998 May 22;349(2-3):205-10
• Mintzer S, Hickenbottom S, Gilman S. Parkinsonism after taking ecstasy. N Engl J Med 1999 May 6;340(18):1443
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• Morgan MJ Recreational use of "ecstasy" (MDMA) is associated with elevated impulsivity. Neuropsychopharmacology 19:252-264, 1998b.
• Morgan MJ: Lasting psychological sequelae of recreational use of MDMA (Ecstasy): controlled studies in humans. J Psychopharmacol 12: 101-102, 1998a.
• Nichols D.E. Differences between the mechanism of action of MDMA, MBDB, and the classic hallucinogens. Identification of a new therapeutic class: entactogens. J. Psychoactive Drugs, 18, (1986), 305-313.
• Obradovic T, Imel KM, White SR. Repeated exposure to methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) alters nucleus accumbens neuronal responses to dopamine and serotonin. Brain Res 1998 Feb 23;785(1):1-9
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• Parrott AC, Sisk E, Turner JJ Psychobiological problems in heavy 'ecstasy' (MDMA) polydrug users. Drug Alcohol Depend 2000 Jul 1;60(1):105-10.
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Indice Sostanze | MDMA parte 1 | MDMA parte 2 | Bibliografia

Dipartimento Politiche Antidroga
Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri

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